The publication of this text represents a significant contribution to the available technical literature on military and commercial test and evaluation. The first chapter provides important history and addresses the vital relationship of quality test and evaluation (T&E) to the acquisition and operations of defense weapons systems. Subsequent chapters cover such concepts as cost and operational effectiveness analysis, modeling and simulation, and verification, validation, and accreditation, among others. In the closing chapters, new and unique concepts for the future are discussed. The text is recommended for a wide range of managers and officials in both defense and commercial industry as well as those senior-level and graduate-level students interested in applied operations research analysis and T&E.