Indian and Eskimo peoples approaching Labrador from different directions and met for the first time 4200 years ago at the forest-tundra boundary north around Nain. Building on archaeological evidence from a decade of previous Smithsonian research, Hood provides the first test of the Maritime Archaic Indian ‘long-house’ theory and investigates whether early Labrador Indians met the first Eskimo people who migrated into Labrador from the Arctic. His excavations and detailed analysis confirm the long-house theory and propose how the first Eskimo-Indian contact may have occurred.