This book's multifaceted exploration of "landscape" provides a interpretative tool for archaeologists to imagine how sites with artifactual remains may fit into "lost" or unremembered cultures. Humanizing the Arctic and Subarctic (and other regions) through the recognition of potentially ancient cultural landscapes with complex and varied life histories presents a callenge to the traditional concept of wilderness. This publication and its series of invited papers sampling the circumpolar region was a collaboration between the National Park Service Alaska Office and the Smithsonian Arctic Studies Center.