This volume challenges the orthodox view that fishing and fish played only a marginal role in the economy of the ancient world. In fact, there is archaeological evidence for ancient fish processing on a commercial scale not only in the Mediterranean itself, but also on the Atlantic coast and in the Black Sea region, especially the Crimea. Our literary sources testify to the widespread culinary and medicinal use of salted fish and fermented fish sauces in antiquity, and especially in the first centuries AD. In this book, the authors assess the present state of research on ancient fishing and discuss its implications for the history of the Black Sea region, especially the period of Greek colonisation along its shores. While grain has traditionally been viewed as the main export commodity of the Pontic colonies, the existence of salting-vats on the coast of the Crimea indicate production of salt-fish or fish sauce on a large scale, presumably for export. However, many questions remain unanswered: for instance concerning ownership and organisation of the processing facilities, or how the finished product was transported to distant markets.

The term 'globalization' has been used to describe the intensification of cross-border flows - whether in the realm of ideas, culture, finance/trade, or human mobility. Like many other vital ideas, such as nationalism and modernization, globalization is fraught with controversy. But no matter where one stands, it is a site of an ongoing intellectual endeavor of definition, interpretation and redefinition - a contested terrain that continues to have profound, if unequal, impact on people's lives around the world. Given the inherent tension between the global and local, this phenomenon is perhaps more accurately explained by the conceptual hybrid 'globalization'. The diverse contributions in this volume are an attempt to come to grips with some of the implications of this process by problematizing and engaging it. It grew out of an interdisciplinary conference on globalization held at the University of Iceland in late autumn 2002 as part of an international research project co-ordinated by GERM (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches sur les Mondialisations), involving a large group of academics, universities, and institutions. The volume emphasizes specific aspects of the globalization debate: politics, culture, gender, and language/translation. One focus - articulated among others by Zygmunt Bauman - is on the reconfigurations of political power relationships between the West and the Rest, the 'war on terror' and conflict resolution, whether in the name of peacekeeping, nation-building or identity changes. Another theme involves the problematization of the culture concept, its place in the public domain, and the redefinition of identities as a result of globalization. A third aspect deals with attempts to illuminate how globalization processes may deepen gender, class and race inequalities in the absence of binding rules and collective social responsibility. Finally, the focus is on the changing attitudes toward language/translation in a heavily mediatized and accelerated world.

The tremendous collection of about 500 pre-Columbian textiles held in the National Museum of Denmark are catalogued in this slightly oversized volume. The textiles, which are mainly fragments, date from c.500 BC-1550 AD and were found in tombs in Peru, particularly at Pachacamac. Several short essays describe weaving techniques, and tools.

Few river valleys can claim the historical importance of the Tiber, and an understanding of the river and its valley is key to an understanding of Rome and its place in the ancient world. When Rome was in its ascendancy, the Tiber became a vital route for communication and trade, but when Rome went into decline, the Tiber became a buffer-zone between Rome and Byzantium. This ebb and flow, with the associated reorganisation of social, political and economic life are themes central to any study of Roman civilisation. The 19 papers published in this volume were first presented at two workshops at the British School at Rome, in 1997 and '98. These workshops came about as part of the Tiber Valley Project, which aims to examine the changing landscapes on both sides of the valley from 1000 BC to AD 1300. English and Italian text.

This collection of eight essays on the archaeology of Greek colonisation, dedicated to Sir John Boardman on the occasion of his retirement, has now been reprinted in paperback. Greek colonisation continues to be a much debated topic among ancient historians and archaeologists of the Mediterranean region. These classic essays focus on archaeological research, but they consider themes relevant to archaeologists and historians alike, including: the motivation for colonisation, identity, and social integration; technology and trade; collaboration, competition and conflict. First published in 1994, the new edition includes a new preface and corrections. Contributors: A M Snodgrass, M R Popham, D Ridgway, J N Coldstream, B B Shefton, F De Angelis, G R Tsetskhladze, and J Boardman.

This pioneering work shows how Celtic cultures understood the place of human beings in their natural environment in ways fundamentally different from our own. Benozzo explores the unique unfolding of landscapes in early Irish and Welsh texts, including Tain Bo Cuailgne, The Voyage of Bran, the Gododdin and the mythological Taliesin poem on the Battle of the Trees.

The excavations at the Chimes Shopping Centre, have given archaeologists the opportunity to trace the development of the Medieval town of Uxbridge. The central part of the town was set out during the 12th century, perhaps as a planned extension of an existing Saxon hamlet. The borough ditch, which marked the boundary of the town, follows the line of George Street. Just inside this, the discovery of a pottery kiln, producing South Hertfordshire greyware shows that Uxbridge was a centre for pottery production throughout the 12th and 13th centuries. Medieval expansion south along the High Street can be identified, along with periods of prosperity and recession. Evidence of industrial processes, particularly tanning, date from the 17th century onwards, and can be associated with denser occupation along the High Street. By the early 19th century the entire street frontage was built up.

In 1995 a second phase of excavations was undertaken by Oxford Archaeological Unit (OAU) at Reading Business Park in advance of development. This volume reports on the occupation evidence they found dating to the Neolithic, Bronze Age and medieval periods. The Neolithic features included an unusual segmented ring ditch, and a number of pits and postholes, with associated flint assemblages dating to the late Neolithic. A field system, composed of rectangular boundary ditches, was laid out in the area prior to the establishment of the late Bronze Age settlement. The evidence for the late Bronze Age settlement included five roundhouses, and a number of post-built structures. The excavators also found numerous deposits of burnt flint that were made in one area in the later Bronze Age, and over time these grew into a substantial and unusually large elongated burnt mound. The authors discuss the origin of these deposits, together with the management of the overall landscape in the later Bronze Age.

Wimbotsham is one of more than 400 moated sites in Norfolk and was investigated ahead of a sewer being laid by the local water company. This report on the excavation and associated archival research reveals Wimbotsham as a moated rectory, most probably built by the de Warenne family at the end of the 12th century. The excavation found two earth building platforms, a series of internal drainage channels, remains of a 13th- or 14th-century timber-framed building and an assemblage of finds that included domestic and some high-status objects. The site went into decline in the 15th and 16th centuries and was abandoned by 1626.

Christian Monuments of Cyrenaica publishes archaeological studies undertaken between 1953 and 1971 by the late J. B. Ward-Perkins (d. 1981) and the late R. G. Goodchild (d. 1968). It presents Ward-Perkins accounts (mostly left in advanced draft form) of 44 monuments, 35 of them certainly churches, together with plans of each made by professional architects after survey on the ground, drawings of some details and a considerable number of photographs, together with a draft overview of the buildings techniques used. Colleagues have provided introductory notes on other major features of the buildings and drawn attention to some of the problems that they raise. They have also added a brief account of other Christian buildings reported since Ward-Perkins' last visit to Cyrenaica, both in Cyrenaica itself, the late antique province of Libya Superior, and in that area of the Western Desert which formed the closely-related province of Libya Inferior.The detailed evidence collected here represents a basis for the study of late antique and early Byzantine Cyrenaica of a quality and extent that has never been available before; and is all the more important because time and chance have now damaged some of that evidence. It also gives a quite up-to-date, although very summary account of new evidence awaiting serious study; which, we may hope, will lead to further advances in our understanding of the late antique and early Byzantine periods.

This is a corpus of the best-preserved earthworks in Norfolk grassland. Each site plan is accompanied by descriptive text and a summary of the documentary evidence. The settlement earthworks are almost entirely medieval and include deserted villages and the more numerous shrunken settlements as well as manorial sites where more than a single moated platform survives. Monastic sites and castles where, in some instances, additional earthworks have been found, form two important sections. Water features include some fishponds together with plans of Norfolk's few water meadows. Ridge and furrow, another rarity in the county, also appears and the survey ends with a selection of parkland earthworks.

A thorough and detailed report on the excavation of a low-status Roman site in advance of gravel extraction in Boreham, 8 km to the north-east of Chelmsford. Whilst briefly discussing prehistoric evidence at the site relating to Neolithic deposits, early to middle Bronze Age ring-ditches, a late Bronze Age settlement and an early Iron Age building, the main focus is on the 2nd- to 4th-century Roman villa and associated settlements and deposits. The Roman aisled villa and house was found to be set within a ditched compound with a network of fields and enclosures and also encompassing a bath-house and ancillary buildings including a granary and workshop or store. The methodology and results of the excavation are rpesented in detail and analysis of finds, zoological and botanical remains attest to the economy and means of production in the site as well as its wider significance for the area. Summaries in English, French and German.

An enclosed settlement of 12th- to 13th-century date was excavated in advance of gravel extraction at a former airfield near Chelmsford in Essex. Several timber buildings, interpreted as a house, outbuildings, a granary and an early form of windmill, were recorded within a large rectangular moat. The physical evidence for the windmill is of significance, especially as it was found within the context of a settlement, rather than as an isolated structure. Analysis of the charred grain assemblage, in addition to aiding interpretation of the buildings, has contributed to the understanding of agricultural activities in and around the settlement. The medieval pottery from the site represents a typical household assemblage, although the presence of some non-local fine wares such as Developed Stamford ware, is rare in Essex. The relatively short-lived settlement was abandoned in the mid-13th century or later, perhaps following the catastrophic fire indicated by the evidence of the charred grain assemblage. During the later medieval period the site appears to have been absorbed into a park, possibly associated with New Hall, and was covered by Dukes Wood until the construction of the airfield in the 1940s.

A policy document from the Association of Local Government Archaeological Officers. Its objcetives are: to provide a quick reference on standards applicable to fieldwork and subsequent activities; to provide a statement of philosophy on fieldwork, standards and research frameworks; to implement PPG guidelines; to improve standards, and to provide a benchmark for monitoring and assessing projects. The document is also available as a PDF on line at www. eaareports.org.uk, look under ALGAO.

The essence of virtual reality lies with computer-based three-dimensional environments. Often termed 'worlds', these conceptual models can be navigated, interacted with and updated in real-time. This Guide to Good Practice is intended for individuals and organisations who are interested in potential ways to use virtual reality within the arts and humanities. It concentrates on the most widely used form of virtual reality today, desk-top virtual reality, which may be distributed and viewed on-line via the World Wide Web. In these systems virtual reality worlds run on users' desk-top computers, are displayed on a standard monitor, and navigated using a mouse or 3-D space ball and keyboard. This Guide introduces virtual reality by considering its history, philosophy and theory, and discusses good practice in planning virtual reality projects. It presents the data management and documentation procedures required to enable models to be maintained, and enjoyed by the audiences for which they are intended. It also explores strategies for archiving and considers how to avoid the loss of virtual reality models as technology changes. A virtual library of case studies illustrates some applications of virtual reality in Archaeology, Architecture, Dance, Design, Fine Art, Heritage, History, Museum Studies and Theatre. Examples of worlds which allow users to interact with each other are also presented.

This richly illustrated volume presents important new evidence for early modern industry and settlement at two sites in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Taken together, the Richmond and Mortlake sites provide valuable evidence of the great increase in development occurring in small towns on the outskirts of London from the mid 17th century. Excavation at 29-34 George St, Richmond also drew on a historical study of documentary evidence, showing the town's development from the 15th century onwards. Looking at several sites in Mortlake uncovered significant evidence pertaining to the post-medieval industry that arose here, and even included excavation of a First World War shell-filling factory.