A thorough and detailed report on the excavation of a low-status Roman site in advance of gravel extraction in Boreham, 8 km to the north-east of Chelmsford. Whilst briefly discussing prehistoric evidence at the site relating to Neolithic deposits, early to middle Bronze Age ring-ditches, a late Bronze Age settlement and an early Iron Age building, the main focus is on the 2nd- to 4th-century Roman villa and associated settlements and deposits. The Roman aisled villa and house was found to be set within a ditched compound with a network of fields and enclosures and also encompassing a bath-house and ancillary buildings including a granary and workshop or store. The methodology and results of the excavation are rpesented in detail and analysis of finds, zoological and botanical remains attest to the economy and means of production in the site as well as its wider significance for the area. Summaries in English, French and German.

A policy document from the Association of Local Government Archaeological Officers. Its objcetives are: to provide a quick reference on standards applicable to fieldwork and subsequent activities; to provide a statement of philosophy on fieldwork, standards and research frameworks; to implement PPG guidelines; to improve standards, and to provide a benchmark for monitoring and assessing projects. The document is also available as a PDF on line at www. eaareports.org.uk, look under ALGAO.

This richly illustrated volume presents important new evidence for early modern industry and settlement at two sites in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. Taken together, the Richmond and Mortlake sites provide valuable evidence of the great increase in development occurring in small towns on the outskirts of London from the mid 17th century. Excavation at 29-34 George St, Richmond also drew on a historical study of documentary evidence, showing the town's development from the 15th century onwards. Looking at several sites in Mortlake uncovered significant evidence pertaining to the post-medieval industry that arose here, and even included excavation of a First World War shell-filling factory.

This volume is the second of several volumes presenting previously unpublished findings relating to Roman Southwark. This looks at an extensive sequence of Roman metalworking workshops and hearths, from the late 1st-late 4th centuries AD. The book is split into discussions of the metalworking industry, the period covered, and an analysis of the finds and is extensively illustrated throughout.

The excavation at 201 Bishopsgate in 1998-9 uncovered evidence for Londinium's northern cemetery, roadside occupation along Roman Ermine Street, and medieval and later development to the west of Bishopsgate. This area has been extensively used and re-used, from burials to refuse-disposal to houses, as London has expanded. This volume documents the excavation with many pictures and tables, as well as extensive descriptions and discussions of the excavation at each stage.

The river crossing and access to the River Thames were major influences on the siting of Roman Southwark, where Watling Street and Stane Street converged. Excavations at Courage's Brewery revealed an archaeological sequence dating back to Prehistoric times. The Roman remains begin from AD40-55 and show the development of the site from the 1st to the 4th centuries, as the area increased in wealth before the occupation phase ended to be replaced with a cemetery. This excavation report provides important new information about the development of Roman Southwark, leading the way for further publication and research.

The oak tree has long provided people in Britain with a wonderful natural resource. In this book the authors reclaim the disappearing forestry and carpentry skills of our ancestors and show how, in an era of climate change, oak can continue to enrich our future as a key element in an ecologically rich countryside'. This book explores how people managed and exploited oakwoods since Neolithic times, and the skills required in the use of timbers for ship-building, furniture and constructing houses. The appendix contains a list of historic and named oak trees in Britain compiled from 18th and 19th century sources and drawing on the work of N D G James.

The Upper Thames Valley is an important area for prehistoric monuments and has one of the highest concentrations of cursuses, distinctive linear or elongated earthworks, in Britain. In the 1980s the Oxford Archaeological Unit along with the Abingdon Area Archaeological and Historical Society had the opportunity to extensively investigate one of these sites at Drayton. This site has produced many significant results for our present understanding of the date, construction and use of cursus monuments on the lowland river gravels of Britain. This volume reports on the excavations at Drayton, and includes an account of small-scale excavations undertaken at the Lechlade cursus by OAU and Lance and Faith Vatcher. It also provides a gazetteer of known cursus monuments in the Upper Thames Valley.

The latest in a series of reports on the archaeological excavations near London Bridge Station, this volume focuses on important discoveries relating to the origins and development of Roman Southwark. From the prehistoric period on this area formed the northernmost end of a series of sandy islands in the tidal reaches of the Thames. The earliest Roman features were drainage ditches and quarry pits associated with the construction of a road to the Thames bridgehead. Eight buildings were recorded along the eastern side of the road, including a blacksmiths' workshop. All of these buildings were destroyed by fire in the Boudican revolt of AD 60/61. New timber and masonry buildings were constructed in the area during the late 1st and 2nd centuries. These included shops, a market hall, and a warehouse. Excavations revealed that extensive land reclamation took place on the marginal eastern fringes of the island before the construction of 2nd and 3rd century houses. One of these houses contained a mosaic, and painted wall plaster was recorded to the west of the road with part of a large building interpreted as a mansio .

The Norwich Survey was established in 1971 to examine and record the city's archaeology. This, part three in the series of reports, looks at five excavations within and around Norwich: Northern Conesford (Cathedral Close), Castle Fee in South Conesford, Westwick (St Benedicts Street), North-east Norwich (Magdalen Street) and the suburb of Heigham. The data from these excavations improve our understanding of changes to the city in the medieval and post-medieval periods.

This volume discusses and catalogues all examples of armorial devices from horse furniture known from the Norfolk SMR. In what is a vaulable reference tool for archaeologists and military historians alike, the volume presents all manner of 12th- to 14th-century pendants, studs, mounts and badges which depict geometric patterns, animals, buildings, plants, humans, monsters and everyday items. Fine line drawings illustrate 246 objects. The volume includes a glossary of technical and decorative terms.

The enigmatic remains of Baconsthorpe Castle in north-east Norfolk belie the story of a very grand fortified manor house. Owned by the Heydon family from the early 15th to the late 17th century, the house once comprised an inner moated enclosure, an outer court and gatehouse, a barn, mere and gardens and park. This report outlines the history of Baconsthorpe based on documentary and iconographic evidence, and archaeological investigations of the 1950s and, especially, the excavations of 1972. As well as an analysis of the standing remains and earthworks, this volume presents the artefactual evidence, including ceramics, metal objects, coins, glass, building material, sculpted stone, evidence for leatherworking and zoological remains.

This volume presents the results of four excavations, three in Norfolk (Tilney St Lawrence, Nordelph and Downham West) and one in Lincolnshire (Morton), of Romano-British routeways constructed some time before the 3rd century AD. Data from the sites, which comprise canals, roads and especially the Fen Causeway crossing the southern Fenlands, are discussed in turn and the final chapter draws some more general conclusion as to their function, chronological sequence and their roe in the development of the area in Roman times.

The future of London archaeology is the focus of this volume, which follows on from The Archaeology of Greater London (MoLAS 2000). It sets out aims for improving and facilitating research and managing the archaeological resource more effectively. What will be useful for non-specialists are the summaries and reviews of the evidence for the main chronological periods; Prehistory, Roman, Saxon, Medieval and post 1500. A final chapter considers how a research strategy for London can be developed.

An excavation report of a Romano-British and Anglo-Saxon site investigated by the Oxford Archaeological Unit at Melford Meadows, just outside Thetford. The Roman remains comprised buildings probably belonging to a small farmstead occupied from the late 1st to the end of the 4th century, and a cemetery, whereas evidence from the Saxon occupation comprised buildings, pits and domestic artefacts dating from the 5th to late 6th/7th century.

Excavations at the site of Baltic House uncovered evidence of occupation dating from Roman times onward. The earliest excavated feature was a Roman barrel-lined well dated AD 50-80 and containing the skulls of a horse and bull - perhaps a sacrificial offering. The well lay to the south of a large V-shaped ditch which formed part of a late 1st-century defensive boundary along the northeast side of the Roman settlement. A 2nd-century cellared building was also recorded here. In the medieval period the site lay in an area surrounded by a religious houses. The earliest medieval finds dated from the 10th or 11th century. Industrial activity between the 13th and 15th centuries included metalworking, represented by the manufacture of bells and kitchen vessels, and nitric acid distillation.In the 18th century the area was redeveloped with the creation of Jeffrey Square and smart terraced houses. At the end of the 19th century the Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Exchange was constructed. The building was badly damaged by a terrorist bomb in 1992, and the site is now occupied by the London headquarters of Swiss Re, a striking new office tower designed by Foster and Partners. This publication summarizes the archaeological sequence and history of one of London's most fascinating sites in a fully illustrated and integrated text.